Standard Test Method for Flash and Fire Points by Cleveland Open Cup Tester in petroleum product

ChemicalFormulas - This ﬂash point and ﬁre point test method is a dynamic method and depends on deﬁnite rates of temperature increases to control the precision of the test method. Its primary use is for viscous materials having ﬂash point of 79°C (175°F) and above. It is also used to determine ﬁre point, which is a temperature above the ﬂash point, at which the test specimen will support combustion for a minimum of 5 s. Do not confuse this test method with Test Method D 4206, which is a sustained burning test, open cup type, at a speciﬁc temperature of 49°C (120°F).

Flash point values are a function of the apparatus design, the condition of the apparatus used, and the operational procedure carried out. Flash point can therefore only be deﬁned in terms of a standard test method, and no general valid correlation can be guaranteed between results obtained by different test methods, or with test apparatus different from that speciﬁed.

Scope Of The Standar Test Method

1.1 This test method describes the determination of the ﬂash point and ﬁre point of petroleum products by a manual Cleveland open cup apparatus or an automated Cleveland open cup apparatus.

NOTE 1—The precisions for ﬁre point were not determined in the current interlaboratory program. Fire point is a parameter that is not commonly speciﬁed, although in some cases, knowledge of this ﬂammability temperature may be desired.

1.2 This test method is applicable to all petroleum products with ﬂash points above 79°C (175°F) and below 400°C (752°F) except fuel oils.

NOTE 2—This test method may occasionally be speciﬁed for the determination of the ﬁre point of a fuel oil. For the determination of the ﬂash points of fuel oils, use Test Method D93. Test Method D93 should also be used when it is desired to determine the possible presence of small, but signiﬁcant, concentrations of lower ﬂash point substances that may escape detection by Test Method D 92. Test Method D 1310 can be employed if the ﬂash point is known to be below 79°C (175°F).

1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.

Flash and Fire Points Tester device in petroleum industry product

Terminology in standard test for Flash Fire Points in petroleum product

Dynamic in petroleum products is the condition where the vapor above the test specimen and the test specimen are not in temperature equilibrium at the time that the ignition source is applied. This is primarily caused by the heating of the test specimen at the constant prescribed rate with the vapor temperature lagging behind the test specimen temperature.

Fire point in petroleum products is the lowest temperature corrected to a barometric pressure of 101.3 kPa (760 mm Hg), at which application of an ignition source causes the vapors of a test specimen of the sample to ignite and sustain burning for a minimum of 5 s under speciﬁed conditions of test.

Flash point in petroleum products is the lowest temperature corrected to a barometric pressure of 101.3 kPa (760 mm Hg), at which application of an ignition source causes the vapors of a specimen of the sample to ignite under speciﬁed conditions of test.

The test specimen is deemed to have ﬂashed when a ﬂame appears and instantaneously propagates itself over the entire surface of the test specimen. When the ignition source is a test ﬂame, the application of the test ﬂame can cause a blue halo or an enlarged ﬂame prior to the actual ﬂash point. This is not a ﬂash point and shall be ignored.